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amc:ss2025:group-g:start [2025/07/29 22:46] – [Limitations] 29478_students.hsrwamc:ss2025:group-g:start [2025/07/29 23:57] (current) – [Explanation Video] 29478_students.hsrw
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-The prototype (Figure 3.1) successfully read the data collected from the sensors and sent it over MQTT to the Ubidots MQTT broker; the data received by the server was then available to be displayed in the dashboard (Figure 3.2). The air temperature and humidity sensor used was a DHT11 unit since it showed more accurate results than the DHT22 unit available when compared to a more expensive reference unit. The microcontroller used was the ESP32S3 connected directly to the host computer, since the more specific board did not function as intended, as will be discussed in the next chapter.+The prototype (Figure 3.1) successfully read the data collected from the sensors and sent it over MQTT to the Ubidots MQTT broker; the data received by the server was then available to be displayed in the dashboard (Figure 3.2). The air temperature and humidity sensor used was a DHT11 unit since it showed more accurate results than the DHT22 unit available when compared to a more expensive reference unit. The microcontroller used was the ESP32S3 connected directly to the host computer, since the more specific board did not function as intended, as will be discussed in the next chapter.  
 +  
 +The code developed for it is shown below with comments where needed.
    
 {{ :amc:ss2025:group-g:img_5119.jpeg?700 |Figure 3.1: Prototype smart weather station using a breadboard.}}  {{ :amc:ss2025:group-g:img_5119.jpeg?700 |Figure 3.1: Prototype smart weather station using a breadboard.}} 
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 {{ :amc:ss2025:group-g:screenshot_2025-07-29_at_12.34.24.png?800 |Figure 3.2: Ubidots dashboard showing the measurements so far, as well as the variable names and devices in use.}} {{ :amc:ss2025:group-g:screenshot_2025-07-29_at_12.34.24.png?800 |Figure 3.2: Ubidots dashboard showing the measurements so far, as well as the variable names and devices in use.}}
  
 +<code>#include <DHT.h>
 +#include <WiFi.h>
 +#include <MQTTClient.h>
 +#include <UbidotsESPMQTT.h>
 +
 +// Defining sensor variables
 +#define DHTPIN 4
 +#define DHTTYPE DHT11
 +#define SOILPIN 5
 +#define LDRPIN 6
 +DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
 +
 +// Defining MQTT/Dashboard variables
 +#define TOKEN "BBUS-elnIUM3JpLzaEsk3gpvkznDG8GCZUV"
 +#define WIFINAME "FRITZ!Box 7520 TE_EXT"
 +#define WIFIPASS "Coffee.Luna"
 +#define DEVICE_LABEL "esp32-mcu"
 +#define VAR_LABEL_1 "air_temp"
 +#define VAR_LABEL_2 "air_hum"
 +#define VAR_LABEL_3 "soil_moist"
 +#define VAR_LABEL_4 "light_int"
 +Ubidots client(TOKEN);
 +bool connected = false;
 +
 +// Defining sleep variables
 +#define uS_FACTOR 1000000
 +#define PUBLISH_FREQUENCY 60
 +RTC_DATA_ATTR int bootCount = 0;
 +
 +const int airStd = 3550;
 +const int waterStd = 1560;
 +int soilMoistPerc = 0;
 +int soilMoist = 0;
 +int hum = 0;
 +float tempC = 0;
 +int light = 0;
 +int lightPerc = 0;
 +const int minLight = 0;
 +const int maxLight = 3409;
 +
 +
 +// Auxiliary Function for Ubidots connection
 +void callback(char *topic, byte *payload, unsigned int length)  {
 +  Serial.print("Message arrived [");
 +  Serial.print(topic);
 +  Serial.print("] ");
 +  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)  {
 +    Serial.print((char)payload[i]);
 +  }
 +  Serial.println();
 +}
 +
 +void soilMoistPrint(int soil_moisture, int air_standard, int water_standard)  {
 +  soilMoistPerc = map(soil_moisture, air_standard, water_standard, 0, 100);
 +
 +  if (soilMoistPerc < 0) {
 +    soilMoistPerc = 0;
 +  }
 +  else if (soilMoistPerc > 100) {
 +    soilMoistPerc = 100;
 +  }
 +  Serial.print("Soil Moisture: ");
 +  Serial.print(soilMoistPerc);
 +  Serial.println("%");
 +  Serial.println("---------------------------");
 +}
 +
 +void dhtOutPrint(int humidity, float temperature_C) {
 +  if (isnan(humidity) | isnan(temperature_C)) {
 +    Serial.println("Reading Failed!");
 +  }
 +  else {
 +    Serial.print("Humidity: ");
 +    Serial.print(humidity);
 +    Serial.print("%");
 +    Serial.print(" | ");
 +    Serial.print("Temperature: ");
 +    Serial.println(temperature_C);
 +
 +  }
 +  
 +}
 +
 +void lightOutPrint(int light, int minimum, int maximum)  {
 +  lightPerc = map(light, minimum, maximum, 0, 100);
 +  Serial.print("Light Intensity: ");
 +  Serial.print(lightPerc);
 +  Serial.println("%");
 +}
 +
 +void setup() {
 +  // put your setup code here, to run once:
 +  Serial.begin(115200);
 +  delay(1000);
 +  dht.begin();
 +
 +  ++bootCount;
 +  Serial.println("Boot number " + String(bootCount));
 +  esp_sleep_enable_timer_wakeup(PUBLISH_FREQUENCY * uS_FACTOR);
 +
 +  client.setDebug(true);
 +  client.wifiConnection(WIFINAME, WIFIPASS);
 +  client.begin(callback);
 +
 +  if (!connected)  {
 +    Serial.println("Not connected, attempting to connect");
 +    connected = client.connect();
 +  }
 +  
 +  Serial.println(connected);
 +
 +  light = analogRead(LDRPIN);
 +  //lightOutPrint(light, minLight, maxLight); Debugging method for LDR
 +  
 +  hum = dht.readHumidity();
 +  tempC = dht.readTemperature();
 +  //dhtOutPrint(hum, tempC);  Debugging method for DHT sensor
 +
 +  soilMoist = analogRead(SOILPIN);
 +  //soilMoistPrint(soilMoist, airStd, waterStd);  Debugging method for soil moisture sensor
 +  
 +  if (connected) {
 +    client.add(VAR_LABEL_1, tempC);
 +    client.add(VAR_LABEL_2, hum);
 +    client.add(VAR_LABEL_3, soilMoistPerc);
 +    client.add(VAR_LABEL_4, lightPerc);
 +    client.ubidotsPublish(DEVICE_LABEL);
 +    client.loop();
 +  }
 +
 +  Serial.println("Going to sleep");
 +  Serial.flush();
 +  esp_deep_sleep_start();
 +
 +}
  
 +void loop() {
 +  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
 +  
 +}
 +</code>
 ====== 4. Discussion ====== ====== 4. Discussion ======
 ''(by Khayman F. Carneiro)'' ''(by Khayman F. Carneiro)''
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 In a nutshell, this project was useful in creating real-world simulations with the Internet of Things, sensor networks, and data systems, as the knowledge is very useful in a technology-driven economy. In a nutshell, this project was useful in creating real-world simulations with the Internet of Things, sensor networks, and data systems, as the knowledge is very useful in a technology-driven economy.
  
-====== Limitations ====== +The prototype Smart Mini Weather Station had some noteworthy features, but the following limitations should also be considered.  
-''(by  Bibi Zeenat Malika Choolun)''  +
- +
-The prototype of our Smart Mini Weather Station had some noteworthy features, but the following limitations should also be considered.  +
  
 * Power Source: An obvious concern is the device’s first iteration, powered by a computer’s USB port, which makes the device unsuitable for outdoor or remote usage.  * Power Source: An obvious concern is the device’s first iteration, powered by a computer’s USB port, which makes the device unsuitable for outdoor or remote usage. 
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 * Enhanced Dashboard: Add mobile compatibility, as well as increase interaction via charts, trends, and data download capabilities to the dashboard. * Enhanced Dashboard: Add mobile compatibility, as well as increase interaction via charts, trends, and data download capabilities to the dashboard.
 * Enhanced Functionality: Connect multiple stations to monitor wider regions such as farms or school campuses. * Enhanced Functionality: Connect multiple stations to monitor wider regions such as farms or school campuses.
 +
 +====== Explanation Video ====== 
 + 
 +The videos showing the explanation and demo are zipped below. Also included is the schematic file showing how everything is connected. Uploaded here for the size of the zipped file is still too large for Moodle.
 + 
 +{{ :amc:ss2025:group-g:final_project_folder.zip |}}
  
 ====== References ====== ====== References ======
-''by Sultana Shamsunnahar'' +''(by Sultana Shamsunnahar)'' 
  
 1.Anemometer Working Principle Circuit Digest. (2019). *Anemometer - Wind Speed Sensor Working and Applications*.[https://circuitdigest.com/tutorial/anemometer-working-and-applications] 1.Anemometer Working Principle Circuit Digest. (2019). *Anemometer - Wind Speed Sensor Working and Applications*.[https://circuitdigest.com/tutorial/anemometer-working-and-applications]
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 2.Fritzing – Circuit Design Tool Fritzing.org. (n.d.). *Fritzing: Open-source Electronics Design Software*.[https://fritzing.org/] 2.Fritzing – Circuit Design Tool Fritzing.org. (n.d.). *Fritzing: Open-source Electronics Design Software*.[https://fritzing.org/]
  
-''by Bibi Zeenat Malika Choolun''+''(by Bibi Zeenat Malika Choolun)''
  
 3.Pandey, S. K., Srivastava, S., Singh, V. K., & Kumar, V. (2025, May 24). ESP32-Based Weather Station. ResearchGate. ResearchGate 3.Pandey, S. K., Srivastava, S., Singh, V. K., & Kumar, V. (2025, May 24). ESP32-Based Weather Station. ResearchGate. ResearchGate
  
-4.Ganesan, S., Lean, C. P., Li, C., Yuan, K. F., et al. (2024). IoT-Enabled Smart Weather Stations: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Directions. Malaysian Journal of Science and Advanced Technology. ResearchGate+1mjsat.com.my+1+4.Ganesan, S., Lean, C. P., Li, C., Yuan, K. F., et al. (2024). IoT-Enabled Smart Weather Stations: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Directions. Malaysian Journal of Science and Advanced Technology. ResearchGate+1mjsat.com.my+1  
 +  
 +''(by Khayman F. Carneiro)''  
 +  
 +5.Smarthon. (n.d.). Digital light sensor. Smarthon Docs. Retrieved July 29, 2025, from https://smarthon-docs-en.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Sensors_and_actuators/Digital_Light_sensor.html 
 + 
 +6.Espressif Systems. (n.d.). Boot mode selection. Espressif Documentation. Retrieved July 29, 2025, from https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esptool/en/latest/esp32/advanced-topics/boot-mode-selection.html 
 + 
 +7.Espressif Systems. (2023). ESP32 datasheet (Version 3.6). https://www.espressif.com/sites/default/files/documentation/esp32_datasheet_en.pdf 
 + 
 +8.Last Minute Engineers. (n.d.). ESP32 sleep modes & power consumption. Retrieved July 29, 2025, from https://lastminuteengineers.com/esp32-sleep-modes-power-consumption/ 
 + 
 +9.Espressif Systems. (n.d.). Current consumption measurement for ESP32 modules. Espressif Documentation. Retrieved July 29, 2025, from https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/stable/esp32/api-guides/current-consumption-measurement-modules.html 
 + 
 +10.Adafruit. (n.d.). DHT11/22 temperature and humidity sensors. Adafruit Learning System. Retrieved July 29, 2025, from https://learn.adafruit.com/dht/overview 
 + 
 +11.Espressif Systems. (n.d.). ESP32 sleep modes. Espressif Documentation. Retrieved July 29, 2025, from https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/stable/esp32/api-reference/system/sleep_modes.html 
 + 
 --- ---
  
  
  
amc/ss2025/group-g/start.1753821982.txt.gz · Last modified: 2025/07/29 22:46 by 29478_students.hsrw