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--- amc:ss2025:group-t:start [2025/07/29 14:07] – created emir-talha.fidan
+++ amc:ss2025:group-t:start [2025/07/29 21:59] (current) – emir-talha.fidan
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-====== 1. Introduction ======
+====== Smart Trash Bin Monitoring System ======
+**Emir Talha Fidan (32780)**
+**Ilker Bakikol (31706)**
+====== 1. Introduction ======
+''By 32780''
 Every year, inefficient waste-collection leads to unnecessary pickups, added CO₂ emissions, and overflowing public bins. Our **Smart Trash-Bin Fill-Level Monitoring System** uses a VL53L0X Time-of-Flight sensor mounted inside a 41 × 35 × 60 cm³ bin to measure the fill height, displays the percentage full on an SH1106 OLED, and—when a user-configurable threshold is exceeded—sends alerts via a Telegram bot.
-_In future iterations_, we plan to support fully outdoor operation by adding:
-  * A GPS module (for geo-tagged alerts)
-  * A solar-rechargeable Li-Po power supply (with charge controller)
-  * A weatherproof 3D-printed enclosure
 This document walks through each step—hardware assembly (breadboard layout), Arduino IDE firmware, Node-RED flow, Telegram-bot config, and ESP32 simulation—so you can reproduce and extend the system today, then evolve it for outdoor use tomorrow.
-====== 2. Materials & System Overview ======
+----
+====== 2. Materials & System Overview ======
+''By 32780''
 ==== 2.1. Hardware Components ====
@@ Line 21: / Line 27: @@
 {{:amc:ss2025:group-t:pxl_20250729_115627332.jpg?400|}}
+----
 ==== 2.2. Software Components ====
@@ Line 32: / Line 40: @@
   * **Telegram Bot** (“TrashAlertBot”) configured with token `xxxx:YYYY` and chat ID
-====== 3. Hardware Assembly ======
+----
+====== 3. Hardware Assembly ======
+''By 32780''
 ==== 3.1. Breadboard Layout ====
@@ Line 38: / Line 49: @@
   * **VL53L0X**: VCC ← 3.3 V (ESP32 3V3 pin), GND ← GND, SDA/SCL as belove.
   * **OLED (SH1106)**: VCC ← 3.3 V, GND ← GND, SDA/SCL as belove.
   * **LED**: Anode ← GPIO 2 (with 220 Ω resistor), Cathode ← GND.
+    *All I²C peripherals (ToF sensor, OLED) share ESP32’s **SDA**/**SCL** pins and 3.3 V/GND rails.
+    * Secure ToF sensor at bin’s top interior, facing directly downward without obstruction.
+    * Mount OLED on exterior lid for clear visibility.
+    * Use onboard LED—no additional external LED wiring.
+    * ESP32 uses internal antenna for Wi-Fi; no extra antennas needed.
 {{:amc:ss2025:group-t:wokwi_arduino.png?400|}}
-====== 4. Arduino IDE Firmware ======
+----
+====== 4. Arduino IDE Firmware ======
+''By 32780''
 Below is the main sketch. **Please replace** `YOUR_SSID`, `YOUR_PASS`, `NODE_RED_URL`, and `BOT_TOKEN` with your actual credentials.
@@ Line 151: / Line 169: @@
 </code>
-====== 5. Node-RED Flow ======
-Our Node-RED instance (192.168.10.50:1880) handles incoming HTTP POSTs at `/bin-alert` and:
+----
+===== Code Summary =====
+. **Initialization (setup)**
+   - Serial debug +<code>Wire.begin()</code>for I²C
+   - <code>lox.begin()</code> for ToF sensor and OLED splash
+   - Connect to Wi-Fi (SSID/password)
+   - Initialize HTTPClient & Telegram bot
+   - On failure (sensor or Wi-Fi), print/display error
+. **Main Loop**
+   - Ranging measurement via <code>lox.rangingTest()</code>
+   - If valid, calculate
+     `fill % = ((BIN_HEIGHT_CM − distance_cm) / BIN_HEIGHT_CM) × 100`
+   - Update OLED: distance, fill %, bar graph
+   - LED Alert: ON if ≥ 80 %, OFF if below (with hysteresis)
+   - HTTP POST to Node-RED every 30 s
+   - Telegram: one-time warning on threshold cross; optional periodic updates
+   - Handle Telegram commands (<code>/start</code>,<code>/status</code>,<code>/stop</code>, etc.)
+   - Delay to regulate loop frequency
+----
+====== 5. Node-RED Flow ======
+''By 32780''
+Our Node-RED instance handles incoming HTTP POSTs at `/bin-alert` and:
   * Parses JSON (distance, fill_percentage)
@@ Line 158: / Line 207: @@
   * Dashboard: updates a gauge node
-{{ :amc:ss2025:group-t:screenshot_2025-07-29_132917.png?400 |}}
+{{:amc:ss2025:group-t:screenshot_2025-07-29_132917.png?500|}}
-====== 6. Telegram Bot Configuration ======
+----
+====== 6. Telegram Bot Configuration ======
+''By 32780''
   * Create bot with BotFather → get `BOT_TOKEN`.
   * Invite to your group/channel → note the `chat_id`.
   * Grant it message-reading rights.
+  * [[http://t.me/Trashbinalertbot|External Link]] Trash Bin alert bot
+  * [[http://t.me/klajf0239j2390d|External Link]] Trash Bin Channel
+{{:amc:ss2025:group-t:telegram_page.png?500|}}
-{{ :amc:ss2025:group-t:telegram_page.png?400 |}}
 **Commands**:
@@ Line 170: / Line 226: @@
   * /status - Get current bin fill
   * /stop - Stop regular update messages
-  */startupdates - Resume regular updates
+  * /startupdates - Resume regular updates
-  */help - Show this message
+  * /help - Show this message
-====== 7. Results ======
+----
+====== 7. Results ======
+''By 31706''
   * **OLED display**: real-time distance & fill bar (tested up to 85%).
   * **LED**: lights when fill ≥ 80%.
   * **Telegram**: immediate alert with bin status.
   * **Node-RED dashboard**: gauge plotting fill percentage.
+  * **Distance & Fill Readout**
+    - OLED updates in real time:
+      * “Distance: 21.8 cm”
+      * “Fill: 63 %”
+    - Fill percentage = ((60 cm − measured_distance) / 60 cm) × 100 %.
+  * **Visual & Remote Alerts**
+    - At ≥ 80 % capacity (trash within ~12 cm of lid):
+      * Onboard LED lights (e.g., red).
+      * Node-RED receives JSON payload:
+        <code>{"bin":"Kitchen","fill":85,"status":"Nearly Full"}</code>
+       * Telegram message: “⚠ Alert: The kitchen trash bin is 85 % full. Please empty it soon.”
+     - Regular status updates (e.g., every 30 s) are also sent.
+     - On sensor error, OLED shows “Sensor error” and that cycle’s data is skipped; an error flag can be forwarded.
+----
+{{ :amc:ss2025:group-t:screenshot_2025-07-29_160455.png?200|}}
+{{:amc:ss2025:group-t:pxl_20250729_093131148.jpg?200 |}}
 {{:amc:ss2025:group-t:pxl_20250729_093110023.jpg?200|}}
-{{ :amc:ss2025:group-t:pxl_20250729_093131148.jpg?200|}}
+----
 ====== 8. Discussion & Lessons Learned ======
+''By 31706''
   * **Portable power**: using a USB powerbank delivers ~8 hrs runtime; for longer operation, a solar-powered Li-Po pack is recommended.
   * **Connectivity**: outdoors Wi-Fi drops; consider fallback via GSM/LTE or LoRaWAN.
@@ Line 191: / Line 275: @@
   * **Scalability**: mesh-network multiple bins to central server for fleet management.
-====== 9. Conclusion ======
+* **Limitations**
-This project provides a low-cost IoT solution for bin monitoring today, and a clear roadmap—GPS, solar power, enclosure, analytics—for robust outdoor deployment tomorrow.
+    * Single-point ToF measurement may miss uneven trash piles.
+    * Reliance on Wi-Fi: network outages disrupt remote updates.
+    * Continuous power requirement; no battery or power-saving implemented.
-====== 10. References ======
+  * **Improvements**
+    * Multiple sensors or servo-mounted scanning for holistic fill measurement.
+    * Offline data buffering and reconnection logic for network resilience.
+    * Deep-sleep between measurements for battery operation.
+  * **Future Enhancements**
+    * A GPS module (for geo-tagged alerts)
+    * A solar-rechargeable Li-Po power supply (with charge controller)
+    * A weatherproof 3D-printed enclosure
+    * Load cell weight sensor for complementary metrics.
+    * Audible buzzer for local full-bin alarms.
+    * Expanded Node-RED flows: email notifications, historical logging/analytics.
+    * Interactive Telegram bot commands for on-demand status.
+----
+====== 9. Conclusion ======
+''By 31706''
+Deploying multiple units in smart buildings or campuses enables optimized waste collection scheduling, reduces overflow incidents, and contributes to smarter urban infrastructure by leveraging low-cost sensors and Wi-Fi connectivity. This project demonstrates a practical IoT solution for everyday problems, with clear pathways for scaling and enhancement.
+----
+====== 10. References ======
+''By 31706''
   * **STMicroelectronics VL53L0X Datasheet**
   * **U8g2 SH1106 OLED driver** – https://github.com/olikraus/u8g2
   * **UniversalTelegramBot Library** – https://github.com/witnessmenow/Universal-Arduino-Telegram-Bot
   * **Node-RED Documentation** – https://nodered.org/docs/
+{{youtube>2MH0t_iPs9k?}}