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amc2021:groupl:report:start [2021/09/06 17:23] – [6. Discussion and Conclusion] kshama001amc2021:groupl:report:start [2023/01/05 14:38] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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-The German Environment Agency (UBA) and the European Environment Agency (EEA) reported that tens of thousands of people die because of high air pollution of early deaths and Year of Life Lost due to premature mortality. Because of its coal mining industry, North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) has a long history of air pollution. Additionally, with its high population density of 1,170 inhabitants per square kilometer, NRW state corresponds to one of the dentist areas and, therefore, one of Germany's highest traffic areas. The NO<sub>2</sub> emissions exceed limiting values in several cities in NRW (L. Petry et al., 2020).\\+The German Environment Agency (UBA) and the European Environment Agency (EEA) reported that tens of thousands of people die because of high air pollution of early deaths and Year of Life Lost due to premature mortality. Because of its coal mining industry, North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) has a long history of air pollution. Additionally, with its high population density of 1,170 inhabitants per square kilometer, NRW state corresponds to one of the densest areas and, therefore, one of Germany's highest traffic areas. (L. Petry et al., 2020).\\
 Air quality is essential when deciding where to live and pursue a life with good living standards. In particular, serious health issues are caused by air pollution, such as neurological, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases. Noise coming mainly from dense traffic, industrial and construction activities can cause a significant impact on people's health. Kamp-Lintfort is a university town in NRW with a large community of academics and students. It is crucial as part of the scientific community to monitor the living quality in Kamp-Lintfort, particularly in residential areas. Low air quality levels or high levels of noise could affect students' brain functionality and performance at the university.\\ Air quality is essential when deciding where to live and pursue a life with good living standards. In particular, serious health issues are caused by air pollution, such as neurological, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases. Noise coming mainly from dense traffic, industrial and construction activities can cause a significant impact on people's health. Kamp-Lintfort is a university town in NRW with a large community of academics and students. It is crucial as part of the scientific community to monitor the living quality in Kamp-Lintfort, particularly in residential areas. Low air quality levels or high levels of noise could affect students' brain functionality and performance at the university.\\
 This project aims to measure mainly the concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and the sound intensity in three different locations in Kamp-Lintfort. The first one is Meisenweg, the second one is Moerserstraße, and the third one is Kamperdickstraße. Assumably, the three areas are selected in a way that would give one extreme case with high concentrations of the chosen toxic gas and high noise level, the second with medium levels, and the third with low ones. For that purpose, two different sensors are utilized and a microcontroller to read the resultant values and communicate data, hence drawing out well-derived conclusions.\\ This project aims to measure mainly the concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and the sound intensity in three different locations in Kamp-Lintfort. The first one is Meisenweg, the second one is Moerserstraße, and the third one is Kamperdickstraße. Assumably, the three areas are selected in a way that would give one extreme case with high concentrations of the chosen toxic gas and high noise level, the second with medium levels, and the third with low ones. For that purpose, two different sensors are utilized and a microcontroller to read the resultant values and communicate data, hence drawing out well-derived conclusions.\\
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 **Limitations to the experiment:** **Limitations to the experiment:**
-1. The sensor LM393 was not as sensitive to sounds as expected. An example which can be seen in location 2, albeit being the busiest street, the LM393 could only detect loud sounds like that of a truck's engine or a cruiser bike starting. A better sensor can be used in place of this to make a more accurate reading.  
  
-2. CO<sub>2</sub> readings taken were justified given the location of the three places, where there were more green patches, a higher concentration of CO<sub>2</sub> that was detected. In order to assess the pollution levels better, a different sensor could have been used to detect a more prominent pollutant, for e.g, Carbon Monoxide or Nitrogen Dioxide. Though when this was tried with the MQ-135 sensor, the values received were strangely off the charts, making them unreliable. +1. The sensor LM393 was not as sensitive to sounds as expected. An example is seen in location 2, albeit being the busiest street, the LM393 could only detect loud sounds like a truck's engine or a cruiser bike starting. A better sensor can be used in place of this to make a more accurate reading. 
 + 
 +2. CO<sub>2</sub> readings taken were justified given the location of the three places, where there were more green patches, a higher concentration of CO<sub>2</sub> was detected. The measurement was taken after sunset in location 1; therefore, reduced photosynthesis processes contributed to those higher CO<sub>2</sub> concentration levels.  
 +Nevertheless, to better assess the pollution levels, a different sensor could have been used to detect a more prominent pollutant, e.g., Carbon Monoxide or Nitrogen Dioxide. When this was tried with the MQ-135 sensor, the values received were strangely off the charts, making them unreliable. 
 + 
 +3. The MQ-135 needed to heat up for over 24 hours to get a stable value. Due to the time limitations of testing in three different locations, the time to heat up was not achieved. So only a few hours of heating up could possibly cause the sensor to get odd values. 
 + 
 +4. Test results should have been taken simultaneously to overcome the limitation of difference in temperature and humidity conditions.
  
-3. The MQ-135 needed to heat up for over 24 hours to get a stable value, due to time limitations of having to test in three different locations, the time to heat up was not achieved. So only a few hours of heating up could possibly cause the sensor to get odd values.  
  
-4. Test results should have been taken at the same time, in order to overcome the limitation of difference in temperature and humidity conditions. 
  
 ===== 7. References ===== ===== 7. References =====
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   -https://www.electronicoscaldas.com/datasheet/MQ-135_Hanwei.pdf   -https://www.electronicoscaldas.com/datasheet/MQ-135_Hanwei.pdf
   -https://microcontrollerslab.com/interfacing-mq-135-gas-sensor-arduino/   -https://microcontrollerslab.com/interfacing-mq-135-gas-sensor-arduino/
 +  -https://www.electronicshub.org/interfacing-sound-sensor-with-arduino/\\
 +  -https://components101.com/modules/lm393-sound-detection-sensor-module\\
 +  -https://5.imimg.com/data5/CY/QV/MY-1833510/sound-detection-sensor.pdf\\
 +  -https://core-electronics.com.au/tutorials/use-lcd-arduino-uno.html
 +  -http://www.handsontec.com/dataspecs/module/I2C_1602_LCD.pdf
 +  -https://arduino-tutorials.net/tutorial/drawing-sound-sensor-data-on-serial-plotter
 +  -https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.google.com/url?q%3Dhttps://www.electroniclinic.com/co2-concentration-co2-ppm-or-co2-levels-using-mq135-sensor-arduino/
 +  
 +  Back to [[amc2021:groupl:start|Main Page]]
  
  
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amc2021/groupl/report/start.1630941824.txt.gz · Last modified: 2023/01/05 14:38 (external edit)